Glutathione Antioxidant peptides, specific protein fragments with potent antioxidant activity, are gaining significant attention for their ability to combat oxidative stressFood Protein-Derived Antioxidant Peptides. These naturally occurring or artificially designed molecules are highly valued in the food and pharmaceutical industries, serving as key ingredients in health-promoting foods, functional foods, and nutraceuticals. By effectively neutralizing free radicals and reducing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant peptides protect cellular structures and functions, contributing to overall health and potentially delaying aging processes.
Peptides are essentially short chains of amino acids, smaller than proteins, that can exhibit a wide range of biological activities作者：TB Zou·2016·被引用次数：934—This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the relationship between the structural features ofpeptidesand theirantioxidantactivities.. Antioxidant peptides are derived from precursor proteins through processes like enzymatic hydrolysis作者：ID Nwachukwu·2019·被引用次数：456—The aim of this work is to provide a timely examination of the structure–activity relationship ofantioxidative peptides.. This breakdown releases these smaller, bioactive fragments, which possess the remarkable ability to scavenge free radicals作者：JM Lorenzo·2018·被引用次数：581—Antioxidant peptidesare extracted from non-antioxidant precursor proteinsfrom different origin by the activity of either proteolytic microorganisms or .... Their effectiveness stems from their fast absorption and good stability, allowing them to readily neutralize harmful ROS and other pro-oxidants in the body作者：Y Zhang·2024·被引用次数：57—Antioxidant peptidescan function by scavenging free radicals with fast absorption and good stability. Therefore, skin aging can be delayed, which is the basis .... This makes them valuable for preventing cellular damage that can lead to various chronic diseases and age-related decline.
Antioxidant peptides can be isolated from a diverse array of sources, with food proteins being a primary origin. Common sources include:
* Plant-derived proteins: Many plants, including nuts and various agricultural crops, are rich in proteins that can yield antioxidant peptides. These plant-derived peptides are known for their capacity to diminish ROS production and bolster the body's intrinsic antioxidant defenses.Production and processing of antioxidant bioactive peptides
* Animal-derived proteins: Proteins from meat, fish, and dairy products are also significant sources. Marine by-products, for instance, have been extensively studied for their enzymatic processes used to generate potent antioxidant peptidesAdvances on the antioxidant peptides from edible plant ....
* Microbial sources: Certain microorganisms can also be utilized in the enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins to produce antioxidant peptides.
The production of these peptides typically involves enzymatic hydrolysis of precursor proteins作者：M Mardani·2023·被引用次数：83—Antioxidant peptides can be regarded asmultifunctional food additivesas they can be used for both the inhibition of deterioration of food quality and .... This controlled process breaks down larger proteins into specific peptide fractions with desired antioxidant properties.Advances on the Antioxidant Peptides from Nuts Advanced techniques such as ultrafiltration and chromatography are often employed to purify and isolate these specific antioxidant peptides, ensuring their efficacy and purity for various applications.
The versatile functionality of antioxidant peptides extends across several industries:
* Food Industry: They are utilized as multifunctional food additives to inhibit the deterioration of food quality, extending shelf life and maintaining nutritional value作者：ID Nwachukwu·2019·被引用次数：456—The aim of this work is to provide a timely examination of the structure–activity relationship ofantioxidative peptides.. They are also incorporated into functional foods designed to offer specific health benefits beyond basic nutrition.
* Nutraceuticals and Pharmaceuticals: Antioxidant peptides are increasingly found in dietary supplements and nutraceutical products aimed at supporting health and well-being作者：S Kumari·2024·被引用次数：5—Bioactivepeptidesare well-known for their remarkable tissue affinity, specificity, and effectiveness in promoting health.. Their ability to neutralize free radicals makes them promising candidates for therapeutic applications, particularly in conditions associated with oxidative stress.
* Cosmetics: In skincare, antioxidant peptides are valued for their potential to combat signs of aging. By protecting skin cells from oxidative damage, they can help boost radiance, fade dark spots, and smooth skin texture, contributing to a more youthful appearance作者：Y Zhang·2024·被引用次数：57—Antioxidant peptidescan function by scavenging free radicals with fast absorption and good stability. Therefore, skin aging can be delayed, which is the basis ....
The benefits of antioxidant peptides are rooted in their direct action against oxidative stress. They can effectively remove excess ROS from the body, safeguarding the normal structure and function of cellsProduction and processing of antioxidant bioactive peptides. This protective action is crucial for preventing damage that can contribute to inflammation, chronic diseases, and the visible signs of aging.
The antioxidant activity of peptides is closely linked to their structural characteristics, including amino acid composition and sequence. Certain amino acids, such as tyrosine, tryptophan, and cysteine, are particularly effective at donating electrons to neutralize free radicalsAstaxanthin: A Potential Mitochondrial-Targeted Antioxidant .... The arrangement of these amino acids within the peptide chain influences its stability, solubility, and overall antioxidant potency.作者：FC Wong·2020·被引用次数：319—Plant-derived antioxidant peptidesare capable of diminishing ROS production and enhancing endogenous enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses in ... Researchers are actively exploring the structure-activity relationship of these peptides to design novel compounds with enhanced antioxidant capabilities, even utilizing machine learning for de novo design.
While antioxidant peptides are generally considered safe, especially when derived from food sources and consumed as part of a balanced diet, research into their specific mechanisms and potential for therapeutic use is ongoing. Their ability to be absorbed quickly and their inherent stability make them attractive candidates for both preventive health measures and targeted interventions against oxidative stress-related pathologies.
In conclusion, antioxidant peptides represent a powerful class of bioactive molecules derived from proteins作者：Y Zhu·2022·被引用次数：133—Food-derived antioxidant peptides reduce the production of reactive oxygen species, besides activating endogenous antioxidant defense systems in cellular and .... Their ability to effectively combat oxidative stress through free radical scavenging positions them as vital components in functional foods, nutraceuticals, and cosmetic products, offering a natural and potent defense against cellular damage and promoting overall health and vitality.
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